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OpenOffice.org is and will remain free software Turin Vittorio Amedeo II were buried in the crypt of Superga and Prince Eugene (you can see his statue in front of City Hall turin).

If you go to visit the Cathedral of Vienna, where he is buried in the Chapel of the Crucifix Prince Eugene of Savoy-Carignano-Soissons will tell you that his heart is at Superga. Anke Arkivio the chief Reinhard Gruber will tell you that the heart is at Superga.

Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia + big the Internet is written that his heart is at Superga. * Eugene died of bronchitis in Vienna April 21, 1736, the state funeral party from the Belvedere Palace, his residence was above the palace of the Habsburgs, the coffin was

placed on a barrel cannon pulled by eight horses edged with black cloth and gilded edges, accompanied on foot by 16 general and escorted by the dragoons (cavalry he commanded the first line early in his career) throughout Vienna, the first passed through before arriving at the cathedral's Hospital maimed & disabled (thousands of injuries during his battles) all lined up on the sidewalk outside. *

His heart was explanted, mummified and placed in a silver urn, a minimum of 20 days to complete the operation x when x inhuman begin operations in the church of St. Augustine in Vienna, the church that contains 33 display cases with the hearts of kings and queens of the dynasty Habsburg Emperor Charles VI declared: "It is not a Habsburg." saying "It is not a Hapsburg, in addition to preventing access to the crypt of the heart, opens a path uncertain, the Savoy are absent, would be the only ones who can decide on the place of interment. Going for exclusion, are not possible burials of greater importance, no other religious order could compete with the custody of the Augustinians cuori.L 'Emperor capricious forces us centuries later to a pursuit, we have to retrace a path fraught with obstacles.

NARRA20 Before the porch to see where his heart is over, let's see who was the great leader of 700 +.

signed himself Eugen von Savoy in three languages, French-Italian-Germanic The French hated the Islamic Turks, the Austrians feared it overpaid. Speaking of Eugene it is to speak first of a great leader, but also a shrewd politician, a skilled diplomat, a statesman, a patron, and finally caught a collector of works of art, the great leader of the + 700. This is what we are going to do following step by step his adventurous life in all its aspects.

+ flowers in the garden had a greenhouse Dutch + his library had the books of a Benedictine monastery, had bought his paintings merchants visiting the best of Europe in particular in Amsterdam where he had been governor of the Low Countries. was born in Paris on October 18th 1663 by Prince Eugene Maurice Comte de Soissons, the general court of France, and Olympia Mancini niece of Cardinal Mazarin, Louis XIV's powerful minister, Cardinal Mazarin was a native of Pescina in Abruzzo.

He lived 73 years of wars, of which 50, the youngest of five boys is an orphan raised by his grandmother is 10 years although in practice will soissons palace staff to look after him. had become a priest, for absolutely no inclination to reject the ecclesiastical career.
He was 14 when her mother must flee from Paris Olympia Brussels unfortunately became involved in a major scandal of deaths by poisoning, called "Affaire Voisin."
GOSSIP10 "Affaire Voisin. "
Previously, thanks to his uncle Cardinal and his own riding, she became superintendent of the royal family in the apartments of Queen Maria Teresa, which is the first maid of the queen.
After the death of her husband (officially for fever), it behaved like a merry widow, he continued his work as a schemer confirming that the brightest "mazarinette" Mancini sisters, until commit a serious scandal.
lost the post of superintendent of the queen of the house and without the support of his uncle who had died, he fell from grace (the powerful Cardinal Mazarin, had come to France and encouraged his five grandchildren, quite beautiful and intriguing, you marry all of them very well).
About the scandal, was arrested in 1677 Cathérine Deshayes, better known as La Voisin
. She was a witch, devoted to the preparation of love potions and poisons sold to the rich clientele of the court.
Department ingenious inventions and effective for use against invasive relatives, husbands insufficient, withered wives, lovers unnecessary fortunate rivals, emulators hardworking, fiercest antagonists and so on.
interrogation revealed that Olimpia Mancini had been his client.
There was talk of poisoning attempts made by the latter and returned to the rumors afloat at the time of the death of her husband Maurice.
The dark beheaded, the aristocracy of the court, she chose the only possible alternative
to survive this incident and avoid prison, he went into exile in Brussels.
When the trial ended, as many as 37 of the 440 arrested were executed, La Voisin burned at the stake for Satanism.
NARRA40
She was 20 years old when he offered his services to the Emperor of Austria Leopold I of Habsburg, with whom he had fought his brother Luigi Giulio, who had recently died of wounds received in battle Petronell.
This is the turning point in his life. It is distinguished by the value already in 1683, contributing to the defeat of the Turks who besieged Vienna and gets twenty the rank of colonel. So Eugene inaugurates a life dedicated to the war that will see him travel the length and breadth of Europe fighting the French and Turks. Is the siege of Belgrade in 1688 with the rank of general.
In 1690, for the first time must race in Italy to bring help to Victor Amadeus II struggling with the French. To tell the truth in almost six years of Italian countryside, a couple of defeats suffered by the general Catinat, bracket and Marsaglia, but the Savoy change and alliance partners with the French. Meanwhile resume hostilities with the Turks in 1697 and Eugene gets a great victory at Zenta that gives him great fame throughout Europe for his strategic skills. But now
We are now at the turn of the century, from 1701 there is the War of English Succession Victor Amadeus II and now is again an ally of the Habsburgs, and Eugene back in Italy to help his cousin to leave Turin from 1706.
We remember the great march carried out by the two armies of the Austrian eugenio during August and the French who tried to intercept him. They ran the two armies dall'Adige to Piedmont in a grueling chase the French north of Eugene PO south until they came to their chieri and Carmarthen where Vittorio Amedeo anxiously awaiting aid.
Meanwhile, what happened in Turin?
GOSSIP35 von Daun + churchill
Wirich von Daun. He was sent to command the Citadel Turin from 17 June 1706 until the day of victory will defend itself by taking actions and devastating counterattacks.
Inside the fort built in the '500 by Emanuele Filiberto (Iron Head fold)
find 14km of underground tunnels on two floors, a real gold mine for those who have adopted a defensive tactic without external counter, the details he will be provided by Prince Eugene commanded the citadel that 15 years earlier.
The heroic act of Pietro Micca was under his command.
Franco-English attacks, all dismissed, were numerous.
Only a few details to outline the historical context.
The Piedmontese are prepared promptly to the clash: were accumulated in the city millions of sticks, a large amount of tree trunks to form barricades.
were cut all the woods around the city to prevent the enemy, formed huts.
To avoid the danger of splinters caused by gunfire, the cobbled streets of the city was torn
. It was piled a large amount of food sufficient for the soldiers and
population for at least four months.
Turin was shelled for four months, in the worst days of the city plummeted more than 8,000 guns a day, during these four months of siege took place made of great heroism on the part of the population and soldiers.
aftermath of the bloodiest French attack in August, in the ditches that surrounded the citadel were hundreds of corpses. Von Daun did throw in tons of wood were burned in huge bonfires that all night, the danger of epidemics was the primary cause of this absurd decision today.
E 'describe the painful atrocities, but many casualties on both sides in the war were burned alive,
perhaps their number was higher than that of the dead, unfortunately, the Red Cross did not exist (born in 800).
His contribution was instrumental to the tactical victory, attract many enemies around the Citadel had depleted the area between the rivers where Dora and Stura, cunningly, Prince Eugene attacked, defeated and won in one day, a triumph. In simultaneous
Malplaquet, Belgium, Northern Europe attacked the Anglo-Dutch
controlled by the Duke of Malrborobough or John Winston Churchill's ancestor that won the Second World War. Both fell from grace after their victories, the first being marginalized by the English royal court, the latter lost the first elections after the war.
NARRA60
of the popes in the room was a loyal subject of three emperors:
Leopold I Joseph I Charles VI
had great contrast with the pope of his time ClementeXI who arrived in 1707 to excommunicate the Emperor Joseph Eugene I. The cause of the excommunication was the occupation of the territories of the Duchy of Parma made to install his army in winter quarters after the siege of Turin. Antonio Farnese, Duke vassal of the Pope was forced to pay for the maintenance of the Austrian army in addition to not paying the required fees. These two things at the time were the most frequent causes of excommunication. Nevertheless, after the capture of Belgrade in 1717, which marked the end of the hopes of the Turkish invasion of Eastern Europe, Eugene ClementeXI proclaimed the savior of Christianity and awarded him the honor of the very rapier (sword) and the pileus (cap embroidered with a dove symbol of the Holy Spirit).
GOSSIP55 rapier, pileus
The Lives of Eugene and he served three emperors intersected with that of the Pope their contemporary, with high and low passed from darkness to light deep boreale.Clemente XI, a man of uncommon doctrine but restless brain, mood and seeker quarrels quarrelsome during his pontificate named 70 new Cardinals in 15 Concistori.L 'Emperor Leopold I, religious and influenced by the Jesuits had no disagreements with Papa.Giuseppe I, proved to be very independent from its predecessors against the pope and hostile to Gesuiti.Carlo VI, abolished the Salic Lex, won battles, momentous and had idyllic relations with the Pope, the Habsburg Empire during his reign reached the maximum espansione.Proviamo to list the steps salienti.8 December 1700Quando Giovanni Francesco Albani was elected Pope Clement Xila succession to the crown of Spain was already a problem from November 1, 1700 when Charles died in September II.7 1701con the Treaty of The Hague, Holland and England Leopold I team up to the war in Spain and successionecontro Francia.1702la War sequence starts in May, the neutrality of the Papal States becomes less credible when they come to know that finances Philip V of RE Spagna5 May 1705muore Emperor Leopold I. His successor Joseph I, who refuses the act of submission to Papa.Era convinced that "to govern well the priests it takes the bag and stick" July 27 1707il Pope declares void agreements made with the Duke of Parma1 August 1707Clemente XI excommunication Eugene and Joseph I. For the Pope angry very attentive to the everyday life on earth is a posthumous revenge that comes from the auction due to those who are deployed on opposite sides, these are fatti.Dopo the battle of Turin (September 1706), Eugene has to put the troops in winter quarters, throughout the century armies moved and fought in the seasons the weather is favorable. During winter 1706/1707 the Imperial troops wintering nelDucato of Parma and Piacenza on which the Duke Antonio Farnese flag flying pontificia.La population protested against this peaceful invasion, but Eugenio obliges citizens and the clergy to pay a fee for the keeping its soldati.Il Pope is informed when it reacts with vehemence, excommunication "invaders Parma and Piacenza, fiefs of the church. " The excommunications of the time were directed mostly to those who evade taxes, in this case the opposite was true, even had taxed the clero.4 August 1707nel consistory in Rome, Clement XI to satisfy the requirements of the cardinals, more and more furious things worse, promulgates three other scomuniche.24 May 1708le imperial troops invaded the Papal States occupying and annexing Comacchio, Clement XI do not like and promises to be an army to retake the lost territory, but France and Spain to join his project. June 26 1708Giuseppe I send a memorial to the cardinals to challenge the excommunication of the previous year and launched tirades against the Pope makes print and post a manifesto declaring VOID the excommunications fulminate against the army officers in January imperiale.15 1709nonostante the nephew of Pope Joseph I go to court to obtain a refund of Comacchio, the territories will remain forever in the hands nemica.L 'agreement bilateral agreement signed in Rome is tantamount to a capitulation to the Papa1714a following the Treaty of Rastatt, the one that marks the end of the War of English Succession, the Papal States suffered the permanent loss of Mantua and the Duchy of Parma and Piacenza.Inizierà an unstoppable process secularisation of the Italian territory which will lead the state in order 1861alla Pontificio.1715Papa Clement XI on Holy Thursday to the crowd and re-read the bull "the Lord's Supper." ancient bubble of 1372 issued by Pope Pius V excommunicated: heretics, schismatics, pagans, pirates of the Mediterranean and all those who did not pay taxes to the Pope, which among other things proclaimed: "the Pope has complete control over the entire Christian world, secular and religious. "Having taken the race Clement XI (Pope worried), he left no doubts about his leadership:" We declare, we condemn and prohibit all such propositions as false and insidious, offensive to pious ears, scandalous, pernicious, dirty , injurious to the Church and its practices, not only injurious to the Church but also for the secular powers, seditious, impious, blasphemous, suspected of heresy of heresies and even fomented and encouraged by heretics and heresies and even schism, erroneous, often convicted and, ultimately, even heretical in the strict sense, containing various heresies clearly directed innovation "2 September 1716All'indomani Petrovaradin's victory in Eugene, with a reversal of 180 degrees to excommunication and the bubble "Lord's Supper, the Pope, in the consistory of September 2 gives Eugene (he was delivered by the Marquis Orazio Rasponi) the rapier (sword) and the pileus (cap-brimmed purple velvet, lined in silk cream, decorated with ermine skins and pearls, trimmed with gold embroidery, and, as a set, the figure of a dove, symbol of the Holy Spirit edged with pearls, embroidered hanging in the code ends of which are repeated coats of arms of Clement XI). Two matters reserved to the defenders of Christianity that defeated the infedeli.lo sword and cap, were blessed with a gift delivered short of September 7, ie after the battle of Salanchement and before taking Temeswar . The function was made with great solemnity in the cathedral of Giavarini (Gyor, Hungary city that lies at the confluence of three rivers: the Danube, Raba and RABC), he did return in Hungary in Vienna, and after dates provisions to the troops pe'quartieri winter. The cav. Rasponi, left Rome with other donations, he went first to Vienna to pay their respects and thank the Emperor Charles VI, who at the request of the Pope had made him aide real rank of colonel of the Imperial Army, then moved PEL field Temeswar.Nel Perhaps the cap, said Monsignor nell'imporlo vicar in the head principe.Si toast made by the Prince to the Pope and the infant, to the sound of drums and trumpets, and shot at the de 'cannoni.Rispose Prince Eugene with a letter to Clement XI.1718dopo the failure of European policy retires in March Vaticano19 1721Clemente XI died in Rome aged 71
NARRA65
negotiates on behalf of peace Emperor in Utrecht in 1714, we find him governor of the duchy of Milan, who left in 1716 to become governor of the Netherlands, a position he held until 1724. The Battle of Petrovaradin of 1716 and the capture of Belgrade The following year marked the peak of his military glory, the whole Western world.
was said of him that his comet brought great misfortune to the Turkish crescent, with the fame and honors also came great wealth. Eugenio
are still fighting in the War of Polish Succession in 1733, is now 70, still plays political activity and died in 1736.
prestigious assignments, the victories in the battles take a lot of honor but also a lot of money.
Eugene managed to accumulate great wealth and being a lover of the arts could make beautiful homes built as the palace of the Villa Belvedere in Vienna and Budapest Rackeve. In his library
gathered more of fifteen volumes still in Vienna and a collection of paintings of which one party were purchased by Carlo Emanuele III and are now visible at the Savoy Gallery, saddled him many nicknames, now it says nickname.
GOSSIP80 nickname
With him ended the line of the Savoy dynasty Soissons. Never married, had no children, this brought him great suspicion of homosexuality, but never proven, and perhaps dictated by rivalries and antipathies.
second Elizabeth Charlotte d'Orleans courtesan of Louis XIV was small, short nose, large head, long face with pointed chin jutting lower lip, his face was marked with smallpox,
his brother Philip died of smallpox.
did not miss anything but dressed so scruffy and claimed
"is my person must not dress to impress." He was saddled
nicknames such as:
Mars without Venus, so selfless warrior women. Prince
sun as vague allusion to rumors that he said the natural son of Louis XIV.
Castor and Pollux, to the great understanding and friendship with the Duke of Marlborough.
Abatino, as Commander in 1688 he was appointed abbot of the Abbey of Santa Maria di Casanova, near Carmarthen and that of the Sacra di San Michele. Keep in mind that if you were married would have lost the command and with them the great gains deriving from it. About
of its waste to marry. The noble
Knight was named by the great Austrian

As a young captain had put his head in the party and was deeply influenced by readings of La Rochefoucauld, Saint Francis de Sales, Racine and others, had imposed the ideal of 'homme honnete (man honest, decent person), which would have been faithful for the rest of his life
.
While facing a world of enemies in front, had a world of enemies at his back,
fed by the "hereditary curse" of Austria: lazy souls and minds without thinking,
low intrigue, envy, jealousy, foolishness, and dishonesty.
NARRA70 in the crypt at the tomb of anna victoria
or plaque in front of Carlo Emanuele iv
It 's very strange that a very precise and orderly
as he has not left a will.
What became of the enormous wealth of Prince Eugene?
he died without direct heirs, remained the only granddaughter Emma Thomas, who died before him in 1729 and the son of John Francis Eugene them. Tragic and cruel was the premature end of the latter in 1734. Just twenty years, former colonel of dragoons, he died of syphilis, only two weeks after signing a prenuptial agreement with Maria Teresa Malaspina Duchess of Carrara in just ten years. This death
very distressed because it marked the end of the Eugene branch of Soissons (Salic law).
All goods were inherited by his niece Maria Anna Victoria Soissons daughter of his brother Louis Thomas was born in Paris in 1783. She

GOSSIP82 anna victoria, received the inheritance, at the age of fifty-three years, he found a husband now than twenty years younger, a German duke from which separated after only six years, which was enough to squander much of ' inheritance. One of her maid of honor, describes it this way
Small, ugly, very fat, eyes blacks, a large nose, thin lips and forehead.
Anyone wishing to check in person, can see his bust is in the castle do Agile. After the divorce
turin lived in the area of \u200b\u200bVia Maria Vittoria, went every day to the court of Queen transported by a canopy of 4 pages.
quickly tires just think that the clothes worn by the courtesans weighed at least 14kg.
ottattottenne died of apoplexy in Turin, was buried in the church of San Filippo Blacks, later his remains were moved to the crypt of Superga Infants in the hall.
Carlo Emanuele III in 1841 disbursed 400,000 florins by the ambassador of Savoy in Vienna for the masterpieces of paintings which are now at the Savoy Gallery.
NARRA90
crypt in front of the plaque with the thorns of Carlo Emanuele IV

well before the altar with Charles VI gave his heart to the dogs? Of course not. His heart
turin reached June 19, 1736 was guarded by barefoot Augustinian church of San Carlo, where, previously, eugenio himself wished that the hearts of two of his brothers, Emanuele Filiberto died at age 14 in 1676 and Luigi Giuliano died in 1683 at age 23
were preserved, are still buried in a crypt behind the altar
covered with a marble slab on which are carved the names of the brothers.
remained many years, was later transferred to the crypt which was inaugurated by King Victor Amadeus III only in 1778. (1774-78 term work)
Augustine: St. Augustine's church in Vienna are kept in the hearts of Asburgo.Agostiniani barefoot : the church of San Carlo in Torino are preserved hearts two brothers Soissons.Nel 700 were two religious orders who earned the bread, which is preserving the future garantivanoil the hearts of the powerful and eroi.Facciamo clarity, the hearts of saints and blessed were kept in many churches indipendentementedall'ordine religious gestiva.Il the center and heart of hearts was the case Augustinekirche of Vienna, had a "branch", the church of San Carlo in Turin with the convent built on three levels, significantly different from today, the massive work of the period 1935-37 have completely transformed the structure, despite what the hearts are still preserved.
Today the congregation in charge of the church are the Servants of Mary since 1860, coincidentally the same convent Superga 1965, the ideal line connecting the two churches could be the heart of the three-Savoy-Carignano Soissons.Gli Augustinians Discalced Augustinian order resulting from a reform that took place after alConcilio of Trento, is looking for a spiritual renewal in opposition the Lutheran Reformation.
GOSSIP95 heart
was customary at one time widely considered to uphold the noblest of the human body of prominent personalities. Emanuele Filiberto Soissons, brother of Eugene, died at the age of 14, is buried at the Sacra di San Michele.
Luigi's brother Julius, who died in the defense of Vienna in Austria is buried,
Eugene replaced him as commander of the dragoons, that the troops on horseback the first line.

* The heart, throughout the centuries, has always had great cultural significance and religioso.Questo also explains the phenomenon of conservation, in memory of a person, his heart as a concrete symbol of his thoughts and his affections . I kept the hearts of saints such as Carlo Borromeo (in a shiny gold and silver reliquary in the church of San Carlo al Corso in Rome), Francesco di Sales - Salesian (Monastery of the Visitation of Treviso), and are not places altri.Ma only hearts in honor of saints, Frederic Chopin (led by her sister in a phial full glass of cognac in the church of Santa Croce in Warsaw), by Pierre de Coubertin (it was buried in Lausanne, the headquarters of the IOC, also if his heart was buried separately in a monument near the ruins of ancient Olympia), to name a few.
NARRA95 before the grave of Carlo Emanuele IV
The situation becomes difficult at the end of 700 when the French revolutionaries seem about to conquer Europe.
Carlo Emanuele IV becomes King October 16, 1796.
spend only two years, then must put the signature on the "act of surrender by the King of Sardinia" on December 8, the night of 9 December 1798 the French General Grouchy forces the King to leave the Piedmont. The Dec. 10 party for Parma and Florence. January 6, 1799

the Jacobin revolutionary committee, including
"Le Citoyen" Horses draw document suppression.
"The Congregation of Canons of Superga is abolished.
will be removed from the Temple, both from the Underground, all the signs,
and inscriptions, from which we can recall the memory of the facts
that led to its erection, and king who established him in their pomp.
will but also the underworld from the ashes of kings and princes in it
collected. Superga Temple will take place in the Temple of Gratitude and
is intended to receive the ashes of the dead Piedmont Patriots for Freedom,
whose names will be placed on a column "all fled. Other
revolutionaries had decided five years before a similar thing x Notre Dame of Paris x fortune in both cases not performed. Fortunately
prevent this desecration General Grouchy, General of the French troops stationed in Turin, Savoy any patriots, if occurred, would have stolen the body of Victor Amadeus II which is located there.
TELLS front of the cockpit
However, no one would be able to escape unharmed from turin and return the heart of Eugene in Vienna. The only
abbot, who in those days was left in the basilica, is called Avogadro's Valdengo, only he could hide the heart of Eugene.
Subsequently, 21 March 1801 two decrees
escape the revolutionaries took up residents in the Royal Library 4277 volumes inside the convent and of the two large bells. Avogadro's Valdengo
Joseph Abbot of the Congregation of the Royal Superga (graduate theology from 1778) astutely put aside the most precious objects gave them a pledge to the creditors of the congregation, none of them returned.
He did not seize them by the French troops, is on his having avoided the destruction of the basilica and saved many precious objects from the sack. Unfortunately
troops Removal rate: a bell, some of the lead on the dome, a larger radius of 300 ounces of gold, a radius of 80 ounces, 5 glasses made of 100 ounces, a processional cross, etc.. The executive committee of the revolutionary
Piedmont also abolishes the Congregation for 20 years, another decree forcing the churches to hand over all valuables. The Savoy
return to turin in 1814
the boarders of the congregation will return to real Superga only in December 1817 but the abbot
Avogadro was already dead, the monastery had been abandoned to itself x years.
Cornacchini of the Deposition of Christ, and this altar are the perfect setting for those who was a defender of Christianity before Christ deposed, or the piety of Cornacchini there is a white marble altar has always been the Masses are celebrated in the basilica.
Well, what we see at the center of the altar? One well.
funerals are celebrated in church today with the strict protocol using vestments exclusive Savoy, this altar is not used much less celebrate mass funeral .. x
Probably the silver urn was engaged in this trap, choreographed x as the best defender of Christianity (rapier & batteries) have a heart buried in front of the Deposition of Christ?
It 'difficult for the heart was taken away from this hill, for sure they did the Jacobins nor Napoleon's troops.
It 'possible that the heart is hidden in the cloister, perhaps outside in the rear wing unfinished, perhaps in a cavity between the walls of the convent,
Avogadro's safe, just and old, could not open the tombs in the crypt x hide it. * *


During World War II camped from 7 to 8,000 displaced persons, the restoration + of maintenance, even the recent ones have not uncovered anything of Avogadro Valdengo
Joseph was taken to the grave the secret of the heart of Superga.
Franco and I continue searching and we promise that you will be notified as soon meet again my heart.